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Tax Library

We’ve put together a collection of resources to help you manage your taxes as well as prepare for the upcoming tax season. Simply click on one of the topics below and you’ll find a selection of tools and information related to taxes and tax strategies.

Federal Tax Forms – Access IRS tax forms. 

Federal Tax Publications – Access IRS Publications.

Federal Tax Rates – Find your tax rate.

Federal Tax Calendar – Key Dates for the current tax year.

Federal Income Tax – Your Estimated Federal Income Tax Liability.

Tax Glossary – Tax terms from A to Z. 

Federal Income Tax Calculator  – Calculate your estimated federal income tax liability. 

Federal Tax Forms 

Here you can view, print, or save commonly used tax forms and accompanying instructions for completing the forms. The links below will take you to the Internal Revenue Service website. 

Federal Tax Forms 

Form 

Description 

Instructions 

1040 

U.S. Individual Income Tax Return 

Instructions 

Sch A 

Itemized Deductions 

Instructions 

Sch B 

Interest and Ordinary Dividends 

n/a 

Sch C 

Profit and Loss from Business 

Instructions 

Sch D 

Capital Gains and Losses 

Instructions 

Sch E 

Supplemental Income and Loss 

Instructions 

Sch EIC 

Earned Income Credit 

n/a 

Sch F 

Profit and Loss from Farming 

Instructions 

Sch H 

Household Employment Taxes 

Instructions 

Sch J 

Farm Income Averaging 

Instructions 

Sch R 

Credit for the Elderly or the Disabled 

Instructions 

Sch SE 

Self-Employment Tax 

Instructions 

W-4 

Employee’s Withholding Allowance Certificate 

n/a 

W-4P 

Withholding Certificate for Pension or Annuity Payments 

n/a 

W9 

Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification 

Instructions 

Federal Tax Publications 

You can view or print the most popular IRS publications by simply clicking on the appropriate publication number. 

Federal Tax Publications 

Publication 

Description 

1 

Your Rights as a Tax Payer 

3 

Armed Forces’ Tax Guide 

5 

Your Appeal Rights and How to Prepare a Protest If You Don’t Agree 

17 

Your Federal Income Tax (for individuals) 

225 

Farmer’s Tax Guide 

334 

Tax Guide for Small Business (for individuals who use Schedule C or C-EZ) 

463 

Travel, Entertainment, Gift, and Car Expenses 

501 

Exemptions, Standard Deductions, and Filing Information 

502 

Medical Expenses 

503 

Child and Dependent Care Expenses 

590-A 

Contributions to Individual Retirement Arrangements (IRAs) 

590-B 

Distributions from Individual Retirement Arrangements (IRAs) 

969 

Health Savings Accounts and Other Tax-Favored Health Plans 



Federal Tax Rates 

These figures are for the 2023 tax year. Find your tax rate below. 

Schedule X – Single 

If taxable income is over: 

But not over: 

The tax is: 

$0 

$11,000 

10% of taxable income 

$11,000 

$44,725 

$1,100.00 plus 12% of the amount over $11,000 

$44,725 

$95,375 

$5,147.00 plus 22% of the amount over $44,725 

$95,375 

$182,100 

$16,290.00 plus 24% of the amount over $95,375 

$182,100 

$231,250 

$37,104.00 plus 32% of the amount over $182,100 

$231,250 

$578,125 

$52,832.00 plus 35% of the amount over $231,250 

$578,125 

no limit 

$174,238.25 plus 37% of the amount over $578,125 

Schedule Y-1 – Married Filing Jointly or Qualifying Widow(er) 

If taxable income is over: 

But not over: 

The tax is: 

$0 

$22,000 

10% of taxable income 

$22,000 

$89,451 

$2,200.00 plus 12% of the amount over $22,000 

$89,451 

$190,750 

$10,294.00 plus 22% of the amount over $89,451 

$190,750 

$364,200 

$32,580.00 plus 24% of the amount over $190,750 

$364,200 

$462,500 

$74,208.00 plus 32% of the amount over $364,200 

$462,500 

$693,750 

$105,664.00 plus 35% of the amount over $462,500 

$693,750 

no limit 

$186,601.50 plus 37% of the amount over $693,750 

Schedule Y-2 – Married Filing Separately 

If taxable income is over: 

But not over: 

The tax is: 

$0 

$11,000 

10% of taxable income 

$11,000 

$44,725 

$1,100.00 plus 12% of the amount over $11,000 

$44,725 

$95,375 

$5,147.00 plus 22% of the amount over $44,725 

$95,375 

$182,100 

$16,290.00 plus 24% of the amount over $95,375 

$182,100 

$231,250 

$37,104.00 plus 32% of the amount over $182,100 

$231,250 

$346,875 

$52,832.00 plus 35% of the amount over $231,250 

$346,875 

no limit 

$93,300.75 plus 37% of the amount over $346,875 

Schedule Z – Head of Household 

If taxable income is over: 

But not over: 

The tax is: 

$0 

$15,700 

10% of taxable income 

$15,700 

$59,850 

$1,570.00 plus 12% of the amount over $15,700 

$59,850 

$95,350 

$6,868.00 plus 22% of the amount over $59,850 

$95,350 

$182,100 

$14,678.00 plus 24% of the amount over $95,350 

$182,100 

$231,250 

$35,498.00 plus 32% of the amount over $182,100 

$231,250 

$578,100 

$51,226.00 plus 35% of the amount over $231,250 

$578,100 

no limit 

$172,623.50 plus 37% of the amount over $578,100 

Source: Internal Revenue Service, 2022 

Federal Tax Calendar 

Here are some key dates for the current tax year. 

2023 

January 

 

17 – Fourth quarter 2022 estimated tax due. Use Form 1040-ES. 

 

31 – Deadline for employers to provide copies of Forms W-2 and 1099 for 2022 to employees. 

February 

 

15 – If you claimed exemption from income tax withholding last year on the Form W-4 you gave your employer, you must file a new Form W-4 by February 15 to continue your exemption for another year. 

March 

 

1 – Deadline for farmers and fishermen who have a balance due on their taxes to file their 2022 individual income tax returns and pay the balance due without penalties. 

 

15 – Deadline for 2022 S corporation tax returns (Form 1120-S) or to request an extension using Form 7004. 

 

15 – Deadline to file 2022 partnership tax returns (Form 1065) or to request an automatic extension (Form 7004). 

April 

 

18 – Deadline to file 2022 individual income tax returns (Form 1040) and any taxes owed, or to file for an automatic 6-month extension. 

 

18 – Last day to contribute to a traditional IRA, Roth IRA, or SEP-IRA for the 2022 tax year. 

 

18 – First quarter 2023 estimated tax due. Use Form 1040-ES. 

 

18 – Deadline to file 2022 trust tax returns (Form 1041) or to request an automatic extension. 

 

18 – Deadline to file 2022 corporate tax returns (Form 1120) or to request an automatic extension (Form 7004). 

June 

 

15 – Deadline for U.S. citizens living abroad to file individual tax returns and pay any tax, interest, and penalties due, or to request a 4-month extension (Form 4868). 

 

15 – Second quarter 2023 estimated tax due. Use Form 1040-ES. 

September 

 

15 – Third quarter 2023 estimated tax due. Use Form 1040-ES. 

 

15 – Final deadline to file 2022 partnership tax return if you were given a 6-month extension. 

 

15 – Final deadline to file 2022 S corporation tax return if you were given a 6-month extension. 

October 

 

1 – Deadline for existing employers to establish a SIMPLE IRA plan. 

 

16 – If you were given a 6-month extension to file your income tax return for 2022, file Form 1040 and pay any tax, interest, and penalties due. 

 

16 – Final deadline to file 2022 corporate tax return if were given a 6-month extension. 

Source: Internal Revenue Service, 2022 

Federal Income Tax 

What’s Your Estimated Federal Income Tax Liability? 

Paying federal income taxes is one of most people’s least favorite annual activities. As a result, many people tend to procrastinate by not planning for their taxes each year and by completing and filing the forms at the last possible minute. This calculator is designed to help you estimate your annual federal income tax liability. 

Your tax filing status: 

Single 

Head of household 

Married filing separately 

Married filing jointly 

Your total pre-tax income (include W-2 income, interest, dividends, rental income, etc.): 

0100k200k300k400k500k 

Your total contributions made to all employer-sponsored plans this year (e.g., 401(k) plans, traditional IRAs, etc.): 

07.5k15k22.5k30k 

Previous Next 

This hypothetical example is used for illustrative purposes only. Actual results will vary. 

This information is not intended as tax, legal, investment, or retirement advice or recommendations, and it may not be relied on for the purpose of avoiding any federal tax penalties. You are encouraged to seek advice from an independent tax or legal professional. The content is derived from sources believed to be accurate. Neither the information presented nor any opinion expressed constitutes a solicitation for the purchase or sale of any security. 

This material was written and prepared by Broadridge Advisor Solutions. 
© 2023 Broadridge Investor Communication Solutions, Inc. 

Tax Glossary 

A 

Adjusted Gross Income (AGI) 

An interim calculation in the computation of income tax liability. It is computed by subtracting certain allowable adjustments from gross income. 

After-Tax Return 

The return from an investment after the effects of taxes have been taken into account. 

Audit 

The examination of the accounting and financial documents of a firm by an objective professional. The audit is done to determine the records’ accuracy, consistency, and conformity to legal and accounting principles. 

B 

Book Value 

The net value of a company’s assets, less its liabilities and the liquidation price of its preferred issues. The net asset value divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding equals the book value per share, which may be higher or lower than the stock’s market value. 

C 

Capital Gain or Loss 

The difference between the sales price and the purchase price of a capital asset. When that difference is positive, the difference is referred to as a capital gain. When the difference is negative, it is a capital loss. 

Certified Public Accountant (CPA) 

A professional license granted by a state board of accountancy to an individual who has passed the Uniform CPA Examination (administered by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants) and has fulfilled that state’s educational and professional experience requirements for certification. 

Community Property 

State laws vary, but generally all property acquired during a marriage — excluding property one spouse receives from a will, inheritance, or gift — is considered community property, and each partner is entitled to one half. This includes debt accumulated. Nine states currently have community property laws: Arizona, California, Idaho, Louisiana, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Washington, and Wisconsin. (Alaska adopted a community property system in 1998, but it is optional.) 

Compound Interest 

Interest that is computed on the principal and on the accrued interest. Compound interest may be computed continuously, daily, monthly, quarterly, semiannually, or annually. 

D 

Deduction 

An amount that can be subtracted from gross income, from a gross estate, or from a gift, thereby lowering the amount on which tax is assessed. 

Defined Benefit Plan 

A qualified retirement plan under which a retiring employee will receive a guaranteed retirement fund, usually payable in installments. Annual contributions may be made to the plan by the employer at the level needed to fund the benefit. The annual contributions are limited to a specified amount, indexed to inflation. 

Defined Contribution Plan 

A retirement plan under which the annual contributions made by the employer or employee are generally stated as a fixed percentage of the employee’s compensation or company profits. The amount of retirement benefits is not guaranteed; rather, it depends upon the investment performance of the employee’s account. 

Dividend 

A pro rata portion of earnings usually distributed in cash by a corporation to its stockholders. In preferred stock, dividends are usually fixed; with common shares, dividends may vary with the fortunes of the company. 

E 

Employer-Sponsored Retirement Plan 

A tax-favored retirement plan that is sponsored by an employer. Among the more common employer-sponsored retirement plans are 401(k) plans, 403(b) plans, simplified employee pension plans, and profit-sharing plans. 

Enrolled Agent (EA) 

An enrolled agent is a person who has passed the appropriate examination in order to represent taxpayers before the Internal Revenue Service. Enrolled agents, like attorneys and certified public accountants, are unrestricted as to which taxpayers they can represent, what types of tax matters they can handle, and which IRS offices they can represent clients before. 

Estate Tax 

Upon the death of a decedent, federal and state governments impose taxes on the value of the estate left to others (with limitations). 

F 

Federal Income Tax Bracket 

The range of taxable income that is taxable at a certain rate. The brackets are 10 percent, 12 percent, 22 percent, 24 percent, 32 percent, 35 percent, and 37 percent. 

401(k) Plan 

A defined contribution plan that may be established by a company for retirement. Employees may allocate a portion of their salaries into this plan, and contributions are excluded from their income for tax purposes (with limitations). Contributions and earnings will compound tax deferred. Withdrawals from a 401(k) plan are taxed as ordinary income, and may be subject to an additional 10 percent penalty tax if withdrawn prior to age 59½. 

403(b) Plan 

A defined contribution plan that may be established by a nonprofit organization or school for retirement. Employees may allocate a portion of their salaries into this plan, and contributions are excluded from their income for tax purposes (with limitations). Contributions and earnings will compound tax deferred. Withdrawals from a 403(b) plan are taxed as ordinary income, and may be subject to an additional 10 percent penalty tax if withdrawn prior to age 59½. 

G 

Gift Taxes 

A federal tax levied on the transfer of property as a gift. This tax is paid by the donor. For 2022, the first $16,000 a year from a donor to each recipient is excluded from tax. Most states also impose a gift tax. The gift tax exclusion is indexed for inflation. 

I 

Individual Retirement Account (IRA) 

Contributions to a traditional IRA are deductible from earned income in the calculation of federal and state income taxes if the taxpayer meets certain requirements. The earnings accumulate tax deferred until withdrawn, and then the entire withdrawal is taxed as ordinary income. Individuals not eligible to make deductible contributions may make nondeductible contributions, the earnings on which would be tax deferred. 

J 

Jointly Held Property 

Property owned by two or more persons under joint tenancy, tenancy in common, or, in some states, community property. 

L 

Lump-Sum Distribution 

The disbursement of the entire value of an employer-sponsored retirement plan, pension plan, annuity, or similar account to the account owner or beneficiary. Lump-sum distributions may be rolled over into another tax-deferred account. 

M 

Marginal Tax Rate 

The amount of tax paid on an additional dollar of income. As income rises, so does the tax rate. 

Marital Deduction 

A provision of the tax codes that allows all assets of a deceased spouse to pass to the surviving spouse free of estate taxes. This provision is also referred to as the “unlimited marital deduction.” The marital deduction may not apply in the case of noncitizens. 

N 

Net Asset Value 

The per-share value of a mutual fund’s current holdings. The net asset value is calculated by dividing the net market value of the fund’s assets by the number of outstanding shares. 

P 

Principal 

In a security, the principal is the amount of money that is invested, excluding earnings. In a debt instrument such as a bond, it is the face amount. 

Profit-Sharing Plan 

An agreement under which employees share in the profits of their employer. The company makes annual contributions to the employees’ accounts. These funds usually accumulate tax deferred until the employee retires or leaves the company. 

Q 

Qualified Retirement Plan 

A pension, profit-sharing, or qualified savings plan that is established by an employer for the benefit of the employees. These plans must be established in conformity with IRS rules. Contributions accumulate tax deferred until withdrawn and are deductible to the employer as a current business expense. 

R 

Rollover 

A method by which an individual can transfer the assets from one retirement program to another without the recognition of income for tax purposes. The requirements for a rollover depend on the type of program from which the distribution is made and the type of program receiving the distribution. 

Roth IRA 

A nondeductible IRA that allows tax-free withdrawals when certain conditions are met. Income and contribution limits apply. 

S 

Self-Employed Retirement Plans 

In the past, the terms “Keogh plan” and “H.R. 10 plan” were used to distinguish a retirement plan established by a self-employed individual from a plan established by a corporation or other entity. However, self-employed retirement plans are now generally referred to by the name of the particular type of plan used, such as SEP IRA, SIMPLE 401(k), or self-employed 401(k). The contribution amount is indexed annually for inflation. 

Simplified Employee Pension Plan (SEP) 

A type of plan under which the employer contributes to an employee’s IRA. Contributions may be made up to a certain limit and are immediately vested. 

Spousal IRA 

An IRA designed for a couple when one spouse has no earned income. The maximum combined contribution that can be made each year to an IRA and a spousal IRA is $13,000 or 100 percent of earned income (whichever is less) for the 2023 tax year. The total may be split between the two IRAs as the couple wishes, provided that the contribution to either IRA does not exceed the maximum annual contribution limit ($6,500 for 2023). 

T 

Tax Credit 

Tax credits, the most appealing type of tax deductions, are subtracted directly, dollar for dollar, from your income tax bill. 

Tax Deferred 

Interest, dividends, or capital gains that grow untaxed in certain accounts or plans until they are withdrawn. 

Tax-Exempt Bonds 

Under certain conditions, the interest from bonds issued by states, cities, and certain other government agencies is exempt from federal income taxes. In many states, the interest from tax-exempt bonds will also be exempt from state and local income taxes. If you sell a tax-exempt bond at a profit, you could incur capital gains taxes. Some tax-exempt bond interest could be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. The principal value of bonds fluctuates with market conditions. Bonds sold prior to maturity may be worth more or less than their original cost. 

Taxable Income 

The amount of income used to compute tax liability. It is determined by subtracting adjustments, itemized deductions or the standard deduction, and personal exemptions from gross income.